Texas Green Cichlid (Herichthys cyanoguttatus) - Live Fish

The Texas Green Cichlid (Herichthys cyanoguttatus) is a stunning and robust freshwater fish native to Mexico. Known for its vibrant coloration and striking pattern, it is a popular species among cichlid enthusiasts. It is also referred to as the Green Texas Cichlid or simply the Texas Cichlid, and is known for both its beauty and it's sometimes aggressive temperament.

Key Characteristics of the Texas Green Cichlid:

1. Appearance:

   • Coloration: The Texas Green Cichlid has a distinct appearance, characterized by its emerald green body with blue-green spots scattered across its scales, especially along the sides and back. This shimmering coloration gives it a unique, glowing look in the aquarium.
   • Size: The Texas Green Cichlid is a large cichlid, typically reaching 8 to 12 inches (20 to 30 cm) in length, with some individuals potentially growing larger under optimal conditions.
   • Body Shape: This species has an elongated body with a slight curve, and it has a prominent, long dorsal fin that extends along the top of its body.
   • Mouth and Teeth: Like many cichlids, it has a powerful mouth with sharp teeth that it uses to feed and defend itself.

2. Behavior:

   • Aggressive: The Texas Green Cichlid is known for its territorial and aggressive nature, especially during the breeding season. It can be quite protective of its space, including any nesting sites or food sources.
   • Dominant: This species tends to be dominant and may show aggression toward other fish, especially those that enter its territory or show similar size or color. It can be aggressive toward other cichlids, so careful selection of tankmates is essential.
   • Solitary or Pairing: While it is not an overly social species, the Texas Green Cichlid may do well in a pair when breeding. However, outside of the breeding season, it’s best to keep it alone or with very compatible, large species to prevent bullying or territorial disputes.

3. Diet:

   • Omnivorous: The Texas Green Cichlid is an omnivore, eating both plant matter and animal-based foods. Its diet in the wild consists of small fish, invertebrates, and plant material.
   • In captivity, a balanced diet is essential for their health and vibrancy:
     • High-quality pellets or flakes formulated for cichlids
     • Live or frozen foods like bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia
     • Vegetable matter, such as blanched spinach, zucchini, or peas
     • Algae or spirulina supplements for nutritional balance
   • Feeding Frequency: Texas Green Cichlids can be fed once or twice a day, but be careful not to overfeed as they are prone to obesity and digestive issues.

4. Tank Requirements:

   • Tank Size: Due to its size and territorial nature, the Texas Green Cichlid requires a minimum tank size of 55 gallons (208 liters) for a single fish, though larger tanks (75 gallons or more) are preferred, especially if you're keeping it with other large fish. The more space you provide, the less likely the cichlid will become overly aggressive.
   • Water Conditions:
     • Temperature: Texas Green Cichlids prefer water temperatures between 75°F and 82°F (24°C - 28°C).
     • pH: They thrive in slightly alkaline to neutral water, with a pH range of 7.0 to 8.0.
     • Water Hardness: They prefer moderately hard water with a hardness of 10 to 20 dGH.
   • Water Quality: These fish are sensitive to poor water quality, so it's important to provide a good filtration system and perform regular water changes. Keeping ammonia and nitrate levels as low as possible will help ensure the fish remains healthy.
   • Substrate: Use smooth gravel or sand as a substrate to avoid injuring the fish’s delicate fins and barbels.
   • Tank Décor: Texas Green Cichlids like to have rocks, caves, and decorations to create hiding spots and territorial boundaries. They often dig and rearrange the substrate, so secure the decorations to prevent them from being toppled.

5. Tankmates:

   • Aggressive Behavior: Due to their territorial nature, Texas Green Cichlids do not do well with small or peaceful fish. They may attack or bully smaller species, especially those with similar body shapes or colors.
   • Compatible Tankmates: Large, robust species that are equally aggressive or territorial can be good tankmates. Consider keeping them with:
     • Large catfish (e.g., Plecostomus or Synodontis species)
     • Other large cichlids, such as Oscar fish, Jaguar Cichlids, or Midas Cichlids
     • Fast-swimming species like Tinfoil Barbs or Rainbowfish
   • Avoid Small Fish: Do not house them with small fish, as these will likely become prey or targets of aggression.
   • Breeding Pairs: If you have a breeding pair, they should be kept in a tank where they can have their own space, as they can become extremely protective and aggressive during the breeding season.

6. Lifespan:

   • The Texas Green Cichlid can live up to 10 to 12 years in captivity with proper care.